While cyanide is an effective means of extracting gold, its toxicity is a major concern for the environment and the health of the surrounding communities. Cyanide can contaminate water bodies, leading to severe ecological impacts. It is highly toxic to aquatic life, interfering with their respiration and metabolic processes, and can cause long-term damage to ecosystems.

Moreover, cyanide can pose a significant health risk to humans if not handled and contained properly. Exposure to high levels of cyanide can lead to acute poisoning, causing symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, nausea, and even death. Long-term exposure may result in chronic health problems, including neurological disorders, respiratory issues, and various forms of cancer.